Text in parentheses desribe what minimum operating system you need to have, to have the command available. Often you can install the command with the ressource kit for lesser/older Windows versions.
| Kommando | Windows | Linux (Unix/Linux/OS X) |
FreeBSD (xxxBSD) |
|---|---|---|---|
| I gang | |||
| Start Terminal | WIN+R cmd ENTER | OS X: COMMAND+SPACE terminal ENTER | |
| Kør fil | filnavn.bat ENTER | ./filnavn.sh ENTER | |
| Skift bruger til superbruger | WIN Shutdown/Logoff | su - | |
| Kør kommando med admin-rettigheder | runas /user:Administrator ??? | sudo ??? | |
| Start kommandoprompt som superbruger | runas /user:Administrator cmd | sudo -s ... sudo tcsh | |
| Sluk computeren | shutdown -s (XP) | shutdown | |
| Genstart computeren | shutdown -r ... (XP) | reboot | |
| Reset user/admin kodeord | Insert install CD, Reboot while holding C button down, Choose language, next, Menu: Utilities, Reset password, choose user. | ||
| Populære kommandoer | |||
| Hjælp til en kommando | help ... help dir ... dir /? | man ... man ls ... ls -? | |
| Hjælp til brugerstyring/services etc. | net help | ||
| Automatisk opstart af programmer | msconfig/regedit | ||
| Find en fil via indeks (database, der ikke nødvendigvis er up-to-date) | locate "filnavn" | ||
| Opdater fil indekset (til locate etc) | updatedb | ||
| List nyeste 5 filer | dir c: .... | ls -lath | head 7 | |
| Søg filsystemet igennem efter en fil | dir c:\filnavn /s | find / -type f -name filnavn | |
| Slet alle filer af en type på hele maskinen | find . -type f -name 'unwanted.php' -delete | ||
| Søg standardlokationer efter et program | dir c:\*.exe /s | whereis programnavn | |
| Søg filsystemet efter filer der indeholder en tekst | find "tekst" c:\*.* findstr /S "tekst" c:\*.* (udvidet version) |
grep -riH "tekst" /etc/* | |
| Slet fil | del filnavn erase filnavn (alternativ) |
rm filnavn | |
| Slet folder med filer og underfoldere | rd /S folder | rm -R -f folder | |
| Vis aktuel path | cd | pwd | |
| Skift path til hovedfolder | cd \ | cd / | |
| Giv fuld kontrol for filer rekursivt til bruger | cacls filnavn /T /G administrator:F | chmod 777 filnavn | |
| Skift ejerskab for filer rekursivt | xcacls filnavn /T /G administrator:O (extra-program) | chown -R root:group filnavn | |
| Slå ACL til | sudo fsaclctl -p / -e (source) | ||
| Diverse | |||
| Kopier fil(er) | copy | cp | |
| Flyt/omdøb fil(er) | move | mv | |
| CPU belastning | Task manager | top ... top -o time (god, kort, lang) | |
| Skift prioritet for en proces | Task Manager - Processes - Set Priority | renice | |
| Dræb (stop) en aktiv proces | taskkill /PID proces-id ... taskkill /F /PID proces-id | kill proces-id ... sudo kill -9 proces-id | |
| Dræb alle processer ud fra navn, bruger etc.(ex. webserver httpd) | pkill httpd | killall httpd | |
| Dræb alle processer - ekstra commands som i: ps aux | grep my_pattern | pkill -f my_pattern | ||
| Editer fil | edit | vi/pico/nano | vi/ee |
| Fil browser | Installer: Total Commander | mc (Midnight Commander) | |
| Vis read-only attributter | ? | lsattr /var/www/??? | |
| Skift read-only (immutable) attributter | ? | chattr [+|-] /var/www/??? . Help | |
| Kombinationer | |||
| Skriv output til fil | dir > output.txt | ls > output.txt | |
| Vis services | tasklist (XP) | launchctl list ... og sudo launchctl list | |
| Stop en service | net stop "service-navn" | sudo launchctl unload /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.SERVICE-FIL-NAVN.plist | |
| Slå en service fra | sc delete "service-navn" (XP) | sudo launchctl unload -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.SERVICE-FIL-NAVN.plist | |
| Oppetid siden sidste genstart | Systeminfo | Find "Up Time" (XP) | uptime | |
| Søg og erstat i filer | Total Commander, Alt+F7 | sed -i .bak 's/OLDTEXT/NEWTEXT/g' /etc/httpd/conf.d/* (afterwards mv *.bak /tmp) | |
| Forbrugt/fri plads | dir c:, dir d: | df -h | |
| Subdir sizes | dir c: /S | du -shc /* | |
| Www sizes with total and exclude | du -shc /var/www/* --exclude=/var/www/_backup | ||
| Number of files in current dir | ls -1 | wc -l | ||
| Number of files in current dir and subdir | find . -type f | wc -l | ||
| Ledig RAM | systeminfo | Find "Memory" | free -h | |
| Hvilket OS (version)? | winver eller wmic os get caption | cat /etc/system-release (or cat /etc/*-release or uname -r for Linux kernel) | uname -a |
| 32 or 64 bit system? | getconf LONG_BIT | getconf LONG_BIT | |
| Antal processorer | nproc eller lscpu | ||
| Viser brugerprocesser | tasklist (XP Pro) | ps | |
| Skifter til lukket skærm/bruger | screen -r | ||
| Populære værktøjer | |||
| Komminker/test port | telnet | telnet | |
| Hent data via HTTP | wget ... curl | ||
| Partitioner diske | fdisk | fdisk | |
| Fysiske diske | lsblk / blkid | geom disk list / camcontrol devlist | |
| Populære 3. parts værktøjer | |||
| Clonezilla-SysRescCD | Live CD | http://clonezilla-sysresccd.hellug.gr/ | |
| CVS (Concurrent Versions System) | cvsup | cvsup | |
| Set server name | nano /etc/hostname | ||
| Show network interface | ifconfig | ip addr | |
| Show IPs for netcard | hostname -I | ipconfig getifaddr en0 | |
| Reload login | . ~/.bashrc (. is short for source) | ||
| Pack files | tar -cvzf /tmp/backup-YYYYMMDD-HHMM.tar.gz sourcefolder/ | ||
| Unpack files | tar -xvzf /tmp/backup-YYYYMMDD-HHMM.tar.gz /var/www/WEBSITE anotherfolder | ||
| List content | tar -tvzf /tmp/backup-YYYYMMDD-HHMM.tar.gz | ||
| Gzip files | gzip /tmp/backup-YYYYMMDD-HHMM.tar zipfile.tar.gz | ||
| Gunzip files | gunzip /tmp/file.gz | ||
| List files | gzip -l /tmp/file.tar.gz | ||
| Restart firewall service safely | /etc/rc.d/ipfw stop ; sleep 5 ; /etc/rc.d/ipfw start | xxx stop ; read -n1 -t5 any_key && xxx start | |
| Run commands simultaneously | command1 & command2 & command3 | Stack | |
Windows XP command line værktøjer.
Hjælp til mine problemer med OS X: mdutil -E (rebuild Spotlight index) (Bruges hvis ATSServer dør, den laver font styring som Spotlight bruger under indeksering. ATSutil databases -remove (alle brugere) atsutil databases -removeUser (selv)Netstat etc. replacements: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iproute2uptime, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Load_(computing) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Top_%28Unix%29 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ps_%28Unix%29 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pstree_%28Unix%29 http://www.lifeaftercoffee.com/2006/03/13/unix-load-averages-explained/ reboot Forbrugt plads p server: df -hc dir c:, dir d: etc. Andet: screen -r (viser andet login) cvsup (henter nye pakker, som man kan opdatere fra) http://www.webhostgear.com/35.html deprecated replacement(s) ========== ============== - arp ip n (ip neighbor) - ifconfig ip a (ip addr), ip link, ip -s (ip -stats) - iptunnel ip tunnel - iwconfig iw - nameif ip link, ifrename - netstat ss, ip route (for netstat-r), ip -s link (for netstat -i), ip maddr (for netstat-g) - route ip r (ip route) CPU belastning Task manager top (load average b¯r vÊre under 3)